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The polity2 index is often used to measure a state's political regime on an autocracy-democracy scale. However, as Vreeland (2008) emphasizes, the use of polity2 in research on civil war is highly problematic due to some of the index's components (namely PARREG and PARCOMP) that are defined with clear references to civil war. Thus, the often found U-shaped relationship between polity2 and civil war (the so-called anocracy hypothesis) might only be an artifact. Vreeland's (2008: 407) proposition reads as follows:

• Polity Iv Project
• Polity Iv Data Excel
• Polity Iv Map
• Polity Iv Project Dataset Users’ Manual

Polity IV Project: Political Regime Characteristics and Transitions, 1800‐2006: Dataset Users’ Manual. Polity IV 9/28/2010 www.pippanorris.com 23 Figure 3.4: Trends in Polity IV measure of Constitutional Democracy, 1800-2000 1800 1805 1810 1815. Sep 11, 2014  Marshall MG, and Jaggers Keith (2002) Political Regime Characteristics and Transitions, 1800–2002: Dataset Users' Manual. Polity IV Project, University of Maryland, College Park, MD. Center for International Development and Conflict Management (CIDCM): Polity IV Project The Polity data series, originally designed by Ted Robert Gurr, contains coded annual information on regime and authority characteristics for 161 independent states (fundamentally those with greater than 500,000 total population) in the global state system and covers the years 1800-2002. Mar 06, 2015  We followed the categorization of the Polity IV project and defined democratic countries as those with a Polity 2 index of 6 or higher (see table S4 for alternative categorizations). Jaggers, Polity IV Project: Dataset Users’ Manual (Center for Global Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 2005).

“Considering the various ways in which political violenceand civil war enter into the coding of the Polity data,using the aggregate Polity index to measure the effect ofanocracy on civil war may not be a good idea. Fortunately,the Polity data provide the components of the index.Researchers can thus construct a new index, leaving out theproblematic components. […] This variable, which I call X-POLITYbecause it includes only the components associated with theexecutive, ranges from −6 to +7.”

While Vreeland provides a ready-to-use Stata datafile, it only contains X-POLITY scores up to 2004. Moreover, Vreeland did not publish any syntax files. Hence, this repository contains R and CSV data files with updated X-POLITY scores based on the newest polity IV dataset (p4v2013) as well as the R-script used to create them.

• XPolity.R: R-Script that downloads the 2013 polity IV dataset, recodes the relevant polity2 components and calculates X-POLITY scores.
• xpolity_1800-2013.RData: R dataset containing the entire polity IV dataset plus the X-POLITY scores and the recoded components from 1800 to 2013.
• xpolity_1800-2013.csv: The same dataset as comma-seperated CSV file.

To constuct the X-POLITY index, three of the initial five polity2 components are used (XCONST, XRCOMP and XROPEN). They are recoded according to Marshall / Gurr / Jaggers (2014: 14ff.) and Vreeland (2008: 405). Their sum forms the X-POLITY index.

• xpolity: The X-Polity value for every country-year
• xconst_xpolity: Recoded Executive Constraints component
• xrcomp_xpolity: Recoded Competitiveness of Executive Recruitment component
• xropen_xpolity: Recoded Openness of Executive Recruitment component
• For all other variables, see Marshall/Gurr/Jaggers (2014)

• Marshall, Monty G. / Gurr, Ted R. / Jaggers, Keith (2014): Polity IV Project. Data Users' Manual. Center for Systemic Peace.
• Vreeland, James R. (2008): The Effect of Political Regime on Civil War. Unpacking Anocracy. Journal of Conflict Resolution 52(3), 401-425.

Polity IV Project: Political Regime Characteristics and Transitions, 1800-2004

Principal Investigator(s): Monty G. Marshall and Keith Jaggers

Source: CIDCM
Source number:
EDS Study ID: 1080

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Study Description:

Polity IV Project: Political Regime Characteristics and Transitions, 1800-2004

Principal Investigator(s):

Polity Iv Project

Monty G. Marshall and Keith Jaggers

Source: University of Maryland Center for International

Source number:

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Polity Iv Data Excel

Summary:
The Polity IV project Web site contains information on, and access to, the most recent update of the well-known and highly respected Polity data series, originally designed by Ted Robert Gurr. Polity IV contains coded annual information on regime and authority characteristics for all independent states (with greater than 500,000 total population) in the global state system and covers the years 1800-2004. It contains a description of the Polity IV Project and provides access to the Registration page for downloading the dataset and users' manual; these materials are provided at no cost to consumers.

Polity Iv Map

The Polity IV Project continues the Polity research tradition of coding the authority characteristics of states in the world system for purposes of comparative, quantitative analysis. The original Polity conceptual scheme was formulated, and the original Polity I data collected, under the direction of Ted Robert Gurr. Three earlier verions of Polity releases are also available.

Polity Iv Project Dataset Users’ Manual

Availability:
Public Internet site, individual users must register.